Design of Uninterruptible Power Supply/UPS

Problem Statement:

Design a 1kVA UPS powered by a single phase 220V/50Hz AC. You may consider one of the following design options:

a.         A rectifier as battery charger+ DC-DC Boost converter + Sinusoidal PWM Inverter

b.         A rectifier as battery charger + Full bridge DC-DC converter using pulse power transformer+ Sinusoidal PWM Inverter

c.         A rectifier as battery charger + Sinusoidal PWM Inverter + Step up transformer

Charging current of battery must not exceed 15A and you must take care of input power factor.

What is an Uninterruptible Power Supply?

An uninterruptible power supply, also uninterruptible power source, UPS or battery/flywheel backup is an electrical apparatus that provides power to the system which it is connected to i.e household assembly of electricity run devices, offices, computer run etc when the power from the main grid gets disrupted or cut off and it can also provide emergency power to a load when the input power source, typically mains power, fails.

UPS is a device that provides battery backup when the electrical power fails or drops to an unacceptable voltage level. Small UPS systems provide power for a few minutes; enough to power down the computer in an orderly manner, while larger systems have enough battery for several hours. In mission critical data centers, UPS systems are used for just a few minutes until electrical generators take over.

Applications of Heat Exchangers

The aim of this  project was to design an experiment for the Armfield Heat Exchanger, which will be implemented in the Chemical Engineering Systems lab.

Energy conservation is important in process design. In industrial experience, the calculation of the minimum heating and cooling requirements reveal significant energy savings. Specifically, Imperial Chemical Industries in the United Kingdom and Union Carbide in the United States have both stated the results of numerous case studies that indicate 30% to 50% energy savings compared to traditional practice. Therefore, energy integration design procedure is a very beneficial tool and is an important phase indetermining the cost of preliminary design.
The first step in the energy integration analysis is the calculation of the minimum heating and cooling requirements for a heat-exchanger network. In any process flow sheet, there are several streams that need to be heated and there are some that need to be cooled. In the acetic anhydride production, for example, the reaction stream in the second reactor must be cooled, while the liquid product coming out of the same reactor must be heated for distillation. For that reason, cooling water is needed to lower the temperature of the reactor stream, and steam is needed for heating in the distillation column.
There are two laws for heat integration analysis. The first law states that the difference between the heat available in the hot streams and the heat required for the cold streams is the net amount of heat that must be removed or supplied. Consider this example. Suppose there are 6 streams given, three that need to be heated and the other three need to be cooled.

Authors

Nigel Brown

Aracely Cruz

Amy Huebner

Christine Oloruntola 

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Catalytic Slurry Hydrogenation of o-nitroanisole in a Flow Microreactor with in-situ Generation of Hydrogen

The aim of this project is to prove that  we can catalytically hydrogenate o-nitroanisole into o-anisidine in a microreactor, show that the residence time of this reaction is much less in a microreactor as compared to a macroreactor and produce hydrogen in situ inside the microreactor.

Author

Aleksander Gandzelko

Carlto Hoyt

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The MicroReactor Selection Process With a Focus on Polymeric Materials

Chemical reactions carried out in just-in-time fashion, microreactors show a scaled-down way. They are small and powerful reactors and have diameter of 100-500 microns. The channel length of 1-10mm.

Micro reactors are made of glass, quartz, plastic, silicon, and metals, mostly stainless steel.

Author

Megan Petersen

Christopher Csernica

Eun H. Koh

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The Bullet Proof Vest Using Carbon Nano Tube

This project concludes the revolutionary use of carbon nano-technology in manufacturing bulletproof vests and materials. Carbon nanotubes are one of the most important applications of nanotechnology. Carbon nanotubes are allotropes of carbon. They are so many possibilities. Among them, individual nanotubes are more important. A carbon nanotube is a graphite one atom thick, to provide a seamless cylinder with a diameter in the order of one nanometer rolled form. This results are nanostructure where the length-diameter ratio of more than 1,000,000. They have extraordinary strength and unique electrical properties. The inherent elasticity of the property has recovered property display. The nano-tubes are produced quickly by spraying a carbon source such as ethanol and an iron nano catalyst by a hydrogen carrier, and in a furnace at 1200 degrees Celsius. The size of the nano-tube is in the order of a few nanometers, Nano tubes will be categorized as primarily single-walled nanotubes and multi-walled nanotubes. Among them are single-walled tubes will be used for bulletproof vests, which can be used primarily for military applications.

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SOME STUDIES ON STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES AND CHARACTRIZATION ISSUES OF CLAY BASED HYBRID NANOCOMPOSITES

This project explains the epoxy and polymer glass reinforced hybrid composited. The hybrid composite of glass-epoxy is formed by the use of halloysite nanotubular particles by hand lay-up technique. In actual case the direction of nano-clay particles may lead to agglomeration, to overcome this problem, the epoxy is needed to be chemically treated. The chemical reaction of unsaturated polyester with the epoxy resin was carried out thermally in presence of benzyl peroxide-radical initiator and the resulting product was analyzed by X-Ray Diffractometer. Epoxy and unsaturated polyester toughened epoxy systems were further modified with 1, 2 and 3% (by wt) of Halloysite nano tubular (HNT) clay. Mainly this paper deals with the characterization and wear properties of epoxy polymer and glass fiber-reinforced epoxy-clay hybrid composites. Characterization is done with the help of X-Ray Diffraction and performance levels of the composite at different quantity of nano clay addition are observed. Under this wear test have been conducted in the Pin-on-disc type at different loads and time for different percentage composition of nano clay particles addition and respective changes are studied.

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