Asynchronous Wrapper for Globally Asynchronous Locally Synchronous Systems

The new globally asynchronous locally synchronous (GALS) technology for integrated circuits is been investigated.A new wrapper design is presented by testing different types of asynchronous wrappers . It also investigates the possibility to use VHDL for asynchronous simulation and synthesis. The conclusions are that the GALS technology is possible to use but that it needs new synthesis tools, because todays tools are designed for synchronous technology.

Author: Manbo, Olof

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Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) (Clean & Fuel Saving Technology)

Today automobiles are identified as one of the major causes of air pollution and energy depletion. Vehicles are also identified for their low efficiency in other words high-energy loss. Hybrid Electric Vehicles have the capacity to overcome these situations and bring a new revolution.
Any vehicle that combines two or more sources of power that can directly or indirectly provides propulsion power is a hybrid. The gasoline electric hybrid vehicle is just the required type of crossbreed between a gasoline powered vehicle and electric vehicle. Hybrid vehicles run both with a rechargeable battery as well as gasoline. In a hybrid engine, power from gasoline and power from a set of batteries transmits power to an electric motor. There are less adverse effects due to the Hybrid electric vehicles. Also the batteries used in hybrid vehicles (rechargeable Nickel metal hydride, Lead acid batteries, Lithium Polymer batteries) are disposable which will not pose any toxic hazards to the environment. The notable fact in hybrid vehicles is that the DC machine is that it can run both as a Motor as well as a generator.
In addition, hybrid vehicles make use of a system that recovers power from the momentum of the vehicle when braking. The Hybrid vehicles are complicated machines when compared to their counterparts of the gasoline-powered vehicles. But higher efficiencies, lower emissions of hybrid vehicles grabs the attention of the new ERA. The other facilities of these hybrid vehicles i.e. performance, manufacturing cost and environmental impacts are discussed in this paper.

Source:
Projects-forum.com

Design and Fabrication of Electric Bike

Electricity has always been an integral part of our life. It has been used in public transport vehicles like local trains. With the shortage of fossil fuels, increasing fuel costs, rising levels of pollution, electricity fuelled vehicles are the future of personal transportation. The present project dealt with design and fabrication of electric bike (cycle). Modeling, Design and Analysis of the frame was performed in Unigraphics. This was successful for a test run for 45 minutes with no decrease in voltage rating in the battery. The designed cycle is capable of taking 85 kg as Pay-load capacity.
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Projects-forum.com

Vehicle Skid Control

Vehicle skid can be defined as the loss of traction between a vehicle’s tyres and the road surface due to the forces acting on the vehicle. Most skids are caused by driver error, although only about 15% of accidents are the direct result of a vehicle skidding. Skids occurring in other accidents are usually the result of last minute action, by the driver, when faced with a crisis ahead rather than actually causing an accident. Skids can occur both in the dry and wet as well as icy conditions, however, the chances of losing control and having an accident increases by 50% in the wet. The most common type of skid we will be confronted with is when the rear end of the car slides out, causing an oversteer or when the front of the car plows toward the outside of a turn without following the curve of the turn causing an understeer. Usually, oversteer occurs as a result of going into a corner too fast or incorrectly hitting a slick area, causing the rear wheels to oversteer. A third skid called the four wheel skid can also occur, where all the four wheels lock up and the vehicle slides in the direction where the forward momentum is carrying it, with no directional control.
Source:
Projects-forum.com

Vehicle skid can be defined as the loss of traction between a vehicle’s tyres and the road surface due to the forces acting on the vehicle. Most skids are caused by driver error, although only about 15% of accidents are the direct result of a vehicle skidding. Skids occurring in other accidents are usually the result of last minute action, by the driver, when faced with a crisis ahead rather than actually causing an accident. Skids can occur both in the dry and wet as well as icy conditions, however, the chances of losing control and having an accident increases by 50% in the wet. The most common type of skid we will be confronted with is when the rear end of the car slides out, causing an oversteer or when the front of the car plows toward the outside of a turn without following the curve of the turn causing an understeer. Usually, oversteer occurs as a result of going into a corner too fast or incorrectly hitting a slick area, causing the rear wheels to oversteer. A third skid called the four wheel skid can also occur, where all the four wheels lock up and the vehicle slides in the direction where the forward momentum is carrying it, with no directional control.

Source:
Projects-forum.com

Compressive Strength Characteristics Of Stacked Stabilized Soil Cement Blocks

Soil degradations one of the weakness and global threats these days both for agricultural production and food security, but also for the environmental challenges associated to watershed protection, disaster management, bio-diversity conservation, sustainable management of natural resources and climate change, furthermore, complication in Civil engineering. In Bangladesh where arable lands are certainly vulnerable to severe erosion due to rainfall and flood, particularly when poor agricultural methods are used or preventive measures are not taken. Implementation of Jute Geotextiles (JGT) aided by native vegetation cover was investigated intended to design a sustainable and low cost tactic at Beel Dakatia through the entire year of 2009. Prime consequences were that erosion, moisture content and runoff are likely to be considerably impacted by rainfall intensity, soil surface slope; additionally, combined presence of JGT and vegetation cover reduced rate of erosion about 95% and runoff about 70% with respect to bare plots. Hence, play noteworthy role to conserve soil and stabilize the slope as well and mitigate susceptibility to degradation

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Design Funundamentals for Geosynthetic Soil Technique

This project based on design and application of geosynthetic soil technique in view of the current status of the European standardization, which contemporary describes the position of development and scientific knowledge in the European countries. The paper provides a survey of the limit state concept, based on Euro code 1 (actions on structures) and Euro code 7 (geotechnical design), which shall be represent the fundamentals for the design of earth structures including geosynthetic soil technique. Furthermore the paper considers the assessments of the European Standard prEN ISO 10318 concerning the geosynthetics terminology and functions as well as the guidelines and recommendations of the newest product of the European standardization prEN 14475: Reinforced fill, which contents the execution of special geosynthetic work. The further particulars of the contribution have a synopsis in view on the design fundamentals of various geosynthetic soil techniques in consideration of geosynthetic testing concepts. In this con-text the comments deal with the design principles on basal reinforced embankments with and without piled foundation, reinforced fill slopes and walls and reinforced bearing layers as well as on the geosynthetic techniques for waterways, coastal protection measures and finally for landfill structures

Author
R. Floss & G. Bräu
Technische Universität München, Zentrum Geotechnik, Germany

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Training Report on Efficient Transportation

The energy, environmental and social benefits of sustainable transportation have always been recognised but are now mainstream as Kyoto and the community politics of transportation indicate. However sustainable transportation has always been seen as secondary in economic terms unless lots of unquantifiable parameters were included. The results of a study for the World Bank now show that cities with significant sustainable transportation systems are least costly in terms of a range of parameters including the amount of road expenditure, transit operating cost recovery, fuel-efficiency, road accidents, air pollution and in overall terms the % of city wealth that goes into transportation. The data show that cities with the most roads hare the most costs for their transportation and the most rail-oriented cities have the least transportation costs. Further, the single most important variable relating to transportation efficiency is the density of the city - the most sprawling cities are the most costly. Thus strategies to contain sprawl, to reurbanise , to traffic calm, to build new light rail systems into car dependent suburbs with focused sub centers, and to facilitate biking and walking, all appear to add to the economy of a city. Strategies that build freeways and add to sprawl are draining the economy of cities. Global information trends are making the need for these sustainable urban patterns even more necessary. The need to  operationalise these strategies in planning and engineering practice and in the politics of infrastructure funding remain the major challenges.

Author
PETER NEWMAN
Professor of City Policy Director, Institute for Sustainability and Technology Policy Murdoch University Perth, Australia
  
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Construction of PSC Girders

A construction method for simple bridges or continuous bridges using prestressed concrete girder (PSC girder) and precast slabs (PSC slabs) where prestress is applied to the lower portion of the center of the girder. bridges of low clearance and long span are constructed by preventing a loss of prestress due to load of the slabs and relieving excessive compression force generated on the upper edge portion of the center of the girder during the construction of the bridge.
Source: freepatentsonline.com

Capacity of Frozen Soil for Shallow Tunnel Pre-Support underneath a Building Founded on Wooden Piles

This thesis analyzes completion of a binocular tunnel underneath a historic building at low cover using ground freezing for tunnel pre-support and building underpinning. The low depth required tunneling through a big number of timber piles set in groups that serve as foundations for the steel frame, brick and masonry building. Tunneling was carried out using a sequenced excavation with concrete for tunnel support, commonly referred to as the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM). During the tunneling the building remained operational for its mainly commercial purpose. The analysis focuses on the performance of the building foundations, frozen soil and tunnel opening. Observations from the construction-monitoring program are utilized in the development of a numerical model to study the performance of the support system consisting of timber piles, frozen soil and tunnel lining.

Authors : Gall,  Vojtech

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Fabrication of Solar Car

The title of the project may be misleading, because it not going to be easy fabricating a full sized solar car. It is not only difficult but also very costly. So it is better to do this as a project which includes lots of study and then a demonstration of how the solar energy can be converted and stored in batteries and then how it can be used to run the vehicle. May be with the staffs permission you may be able to use your college’s water heater solar panel if there is any. The project includes lots of calculations on how much energy can be stored, how fast the energy can be stored, how maximum efficiency can be achieved etc.
The solar powering system of the car consists of:
1. Solar Array which collects solar energy and convert it to electrical energy
2. Power trackers to achieve the proper voltage to be stored in batteries.
3. batteries to stire power.
4. Motor controller which adjusts the power input to the motor.
5. An electric motor which drives the vehicle.

Source:

Projects-forum.com